Diesel engines have gained enormous popularity for various reasons. Compared to gasoline engines they are more efficient in fuel and more sustainable. They not only play an important part in applications that require heavy-duty as well but they also get used in passenger cars and lighter-duty vehicles.
However, as the number of vehicles that have diesel engines increases so do their emissions. They have also been tracked. Engine makers are trying to limit their impact on the environment by innovating fuel formulas, and increasing the efficiency of after-treatment technologies.
That’s exactly where the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) comes into play. What is DPF and what’s the reason it’s so important?
Let’s learn more!
WHAT ARE DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTERS?
DPF, also known as a diesel particle filter (dpf) is among the most important after-treatment equipment within your vehicle. It catches and stores exhaust ash particles and other contaminants in order to minimize particle matter (PM) pollution from diesel engines.
HOW DOES A DPF WORK?
There is a variety of DPFs (silicon carbide DPFs, metal fiber DPFs, and cordierite DPFs) celluloid ceramic honeycomb filters are the most frequently used. Ceramic materials, such as cordierite, silicon carbide, and aluminum titanate, give high thermal resistance and durability.
The honeycomb made of ceramic DPF is composed of channels that are blocked at each end, forcing exhaust gas containing soot particles through the filter wall. While the gas can go through the filtering system, hazardous soot remains in its pores.
However, the DPF is limited in its capacity. Thus, the soot trapped has to be eliminated to ensure proper performance for the filter. This is referred to as DPF regeneration. The soot that is left in the filter is burned off. Learn more about the regeneration process below.
THE CAUSES OF DPF FAILURE
The regeneration process of the diesel particulate filter occurs when certain requirements are met. The factors that affect it are the temperature of the engine, vehicle speed (RPM), vehicle speed, and exhaust gas temperature. The optimal EGT ranges from 250degC. To allow the EGT to rise to this temperature your car must be in good condition.
This means that any mechanical issue could hinder DPF regeneration and lead it to become blocked. So, prior to deciding to replace your DPF make sure you have an expert inspect your vehicle to determine if any problems are blocking the regeneration.
Here’s a list of issues that may directly affect the results of DPF renewal:
- Glow plugs are switched on in the process of regeneration of DPF. The damage to one or more of the glow plugs can hinder regeneration and, therefore, result in the accumulation of soot particles.
- The thermostat: If the thermostat breaks the engine is unable to achieve the temperature that is required to trigger DPF regeneration.
- The sensor for lambda is part of the systems for emission. The damage to it directly affects the outcome of regeneration.
- DPF sensors The diesel particulate filter consists of various sensors that track its performance. Any damage to DPF sensors can lead to inaccurate readings or cause DPF performance issues.
- Kurze trips at low speeds that the diesel engine does not reach optimal working temperature. There is a constant interruption in the DPF regeneration process is constantly disrupted, making it impossible for it to eliminate soot particles.
- Driving at low revs: While this can improve the efficiency of your vehicle, this is among the most significant causes of DPF failure. In particular, the engine heats up too slowly and is not getting to the temperature needed to allow for DPF regeneration.
- Use of the wrong engine oil: Cars equipped with DPFs require the use of low-SAPS as well as mid-SAPS oils.
- EGR valve failure: When it is clogged it can cause over-accumulation of soot.
- A depleted additive tank compromises DPF regeneration and causes an early blockage in its porous walls.
- Not having your DPF tested. Regular inspections help you determine DPF performance issues. A mechanic can tell you what needs to be cleaned.